Metabolic syndrome and respiratory diseases

Norlaila Mustafa
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) describes a multifactorial risk factors that arises from insulin resistance accompanying abnormal adipose tissue deposition. It comprises a combination of risk factors for coronary heart disease, diabetes, fatty liver and several cancers. MetS is also linked to an increased risk of respiratory diseases, an independent risk factors for worsening respiratory symptoms, impaired lung function, pulmonary hypertension, and asthma. Insulin resistance and adiposity, particularly abdominal fat can trigger inflammation and contribute to lung inflammation and worsen respiratory symptoms. Obesity which is a key component of MetS, is linked to reduced lung volumes and restrictive lung patterns. Weight loss and healthy lifestyle as part of treatment for MetS can influence lung health and respiratory disease.