Radiological features of bronchiectasis

Chai Jia Ning
Hospital Tunku Ampuan Besar Tuanku Aishah Rohani (HPKK), UKM, Malaysia

Pediatric bronchiectasis is a chronic, often progressive respiratory disorder characterized by irreversible dilatation of the bronchi. Despite its clinical significance, it remains under-recognized in children, leading to delayed diagnosis and management. Radiological imaging, particularly high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), plays a central role in diagnosis, evaluating disease severity, and guiding ongoing management.

This session will focus on the key radiological features of pediatric bronchiectasis, with an emphasis on HRCT as the diagnostic gold standard. We will explore the technique and interpretation of the bronchoarterial ratio (BAR), highlighting age-specific considerations and how pediatric thresholds differ from adult criteria. Factors influencing BAR measurements such as lung volume, general anesthesia, and technical parameters will also be discussed.

In addition, the talk will cover the various morphological subtypes of bronchiectasis (cylindrical, varicose, cystic), common mimics, and practical imaging tips for differentiating them. Lastly, a brief discussion on the usage of MRI lung in pediatric bronchiectasis surveillance.

Through illustrative pediatric cases, this session aims to enhance clinician’s confidence in image interpretation on recognizing bronchiectasis on radiographs and CT thorax.