PP16 PNEUMONIA AFTER FIBEROPTIC BRONCHOSCOPY: WHAT ARE THE RISK FACTORS?
Fitri Amelia Rizki1, Oea Khairsyaf2, Dessy Mizarti2
1Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
2Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Introduction
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) is generally safe but may lead to post-bronchoscopy pneumonia. Risk factors include patient condition, lesion site, specimen collection methods, and laboratory findings.
Objectives
This study aimed to identify factors associated with post-bronchoscopy pneumonia.
Methodology
A retrospective analysis of 374 patients who underwent bronchoscopy at M. Djamil Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 was performed. Age, sex, and indications for bronchoscopy were described descriptively, while smoking status, thoracic CT findings, bronchoscopy findings, and laboratory results were analyzed using bivariate analysis.
Results
Among 374 patients (74.9% male; mean age 54.9 years), 91.2% underwent bronchoscopy for suspected malignancy. Smoking was reported in 41.4%. Thoracic CT scan revealed central lesions in 78.3%, while lobar lesions were the most common finding on bronchoscopy (48.7%). Specimens were collected by brushing in 61.5% and by biopsy in 58.8% of patients. Most laboratory results were within normal limits.
Post- bronchoscopy pneumonia was significantly associated with smoking patient (p = 0.041; OR = 2.297), main bronchus lesions (p=0.048; OR = 1.872), low albumin (p= 0.027; OR = 2.242), elevated AST (p<0.001; OR = 3.842) and ALT (p= 0.042; OR = 2.287). Pneumonia was more frequently observed in patients who underwent biopsy (9.4%) than brushing (7.2%), but the association was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
The factors associated with post-bronchoscopy pneumonia were smoker, main bronchus lesions, low albumin, elevated AST and ALT.
Keywords: fiberoptic bronchoscopy, post- bronchoscopy pneumonia, risk factors